Doktorsavhandling, sammanl\u00e4ggning (\u00d6vrigt vetenskapligt)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAbstract [en]<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
This thesis addresses two topics: technology and values. More specifically, the studied technology is an ensemble of digital technologies that is often referred to as \u201cdigitalization,\u201d and the values are gathered from empirical material from the Swedish (digital) government. The purpose of the thesis is to generate an enhanced understanding of the relation between digital technology and values. The study is motivated by, a) a need to theorize digital government research, b) a need to establish a link between narratives of technology and research on values, and c) a need to disclose how investments in digital technology are legitimized. The research question of this thesis is, \u201chow can we understand the relation between digital technology and values?\u201d To answer this question, theoretical concepts that are rooted in philosophy of technology are used: polytechnics and monotechnics, externalism, and internalism. Moreover, a theory of four value positions, namely professionalism, efficiency, service, and engagement is used. The thesis revolves around five papers, and its methodological approach is characterized by pragmatism. Data were gathered from relevant literature and document studies, an analysis of expert groups, and survey results from national and local government entities. The findings from the papers were subject to a narrative analysis. This analysis generated three conclusions, which constitute the theoretical contribution of the thesis. The relation between digital technology and values can be understood from these three key conclusions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The first regards convergence, and incorporates two narratives of digital technology: as a polytechnic tool, and as a monotechnic force: a machine. Digital technology is pluralistic in the sense that it may enable several values through multiple technological frames. In parallel, it relies on uniformity and standardization. The technology is therefore subject to several tensions. The story of the machine tends to become dominant through calls for action: it emphasizes the need for rapid adaptation of both individuals and society. In digital government, such adjustment would include an uncertain transformation of professionalism values. The legitimacy of this transformation is highly dependent on which story of technology it is based on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The second conclusion concerns technology as a paradigm. The digital paradigm, as studied in this thesis, is characterized by a story about a technological society for everyone. However, this story stems from a narrow range of actors with respect to educational and geographical context. A broadened view of digital technology and values would require a more symmetrical range of norms, since how values manifest themselves is dependent on the properties of the paradigm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The third and final conclusion regards congruence and divergence. The relation between digital technology and values is shifting between value congruence, and value divergence. When digital technology becomes associated with a narrative of progress that suggests that its value lies in the future while the present is \u201dtransformative,\u201d it can develop in a seemingly self-augmented and autonomous manner. Contrasting stories of value divergence can be found in evaluations from practice. However, this divergent narrative is repositioned as a story of \u201cbarriers\u201d, which tells us that values can be realized if society adapts. The interplay between these narratives has implications for how we perceive value realization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The thesis concludes with the following summarizing contributions. Theoretically, it produces an enhanced understanding of the relation between digital technology and values, as described above. Through this theoretical understanding, a link between narratives of technology and values is established empirically. By doing so, this thesis has revealed how values are legitimized, manifested and perceived, depending on what technology \u201dis\u201d. Finally, a societal need is fulfilled by suggestions for policy making. Democratization of the norms associated with digital technology would improve governance in the sense that policy makers would have to actively choose between incommensurable views. As a result of this, accountability would increase, together with transparency concerning the narratives that inform policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abstract [sv]<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Denna avhandling studerar relationen mellan digital teknik, ofta ben\u00e4mnd \u201ddigitalisering\u201d, och v\u00e4rden. Materialet tar sin utg\u00e5ngspunkt i historiska och aktuella utredningar och policys framtagna inom svensk offentlig sektor. Syftet att f\u00f6rdjupa f\u00f6rst\u00e5elsen f\u00f6r hur olika tekniksyner i dessa p\u00e5verkar v\u00e4rden s\u00e5som professionalitet, effektivitet, service och demokrati. Studiens motivation \u00e4r att teoretisera forskning om digital f\u00f6rvaltning, skapa en l\u00e4nk mellan historier om teknik, och aktuell forskning om v\u00e4rden, och att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 hur investeringar i digital teknik legitimeras. Avhandlingen h\u00e4mtar teoretiska utg\u00e5ngspunkter fr\u00e5n teknikfilosofi, och forskning om v\u00e4rden inom offentlig sektor. Resultaten fr\u00e5n fem artiklar sammanfattades genom narrativ analys, och renderade f\u00f6ljande slutsatser: relationen mellan teknik och v\u00e4rden kan f\u00f6rst\u00e5s..:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Som en konvergens, d\u00e4r digital teknik assimilerat \u00e4ldre tekniker. Tv\u00e5 ber\u00e4ttelser framtr\u00e4der i denna kontext: det flexibla verktyget, och den autonoma maskinen. Konvergens m\u00f6jligg\u00f6r realisering av flera v\u00e4rden med hj\u00e4lp av tekniken, samtidigt som det ofta sker genom standardisering och uniformitet. Ber\u00e4ttelsen om maskinen blir dominant eftersom den kommer med uppmaningar om att samh\u00e4llet och individen m\u00e5ste anpassas. I offentlig f\u00f6rvaltning inneb\u00e4r denna anpassning en transformation av professionella v\u00e4rden. Denna transformations legitimitet \u00e4r i h\u00f6g grad beroende p\u00e5 vilken tekniksyn den baseras p\u00e5, d\u00e5 en autonom teknik p\u00e5verkar v\u00e4rden som till exempel ansvarighet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Som ett paradigm, d\u00e4r manifesteringen av v\u00e4rden p\u00e5verkas av normerna inom detta paradigm. Det digitala paradigmet i det studerade materialet, \u00e4r karakt\u00e4riserat av en ber\u00e4ttelse om ett teknologiskt samh\u00e4lle f\u00f6r alla. Denna ber\u00e4ttelse ber\u00e4ttas dock av akt\u00f6rer fr\u00e5n en smal kontext vad g\u00e4ller utbildningsbakgrund och geografisk hemvist. I och med att direktiv om digital f\u00f6rvaltning ofta har som m\u00e5l att bredda anv\u00e4ndningen av digital teknik, borde en f\u00f6ruts\u00e4ttning f\u00f6r denna bredd vara att bredda normerna som beskriver det digitala samh\u00e4llet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-I termer av kongruens och divergens. Relationen mellan digital teknik och v\u00e4rden skiftar mellan v\u00e4rdekongruens, och v\u00e4rdedivergens. Samspelet mellan dessa ber\u00e4ttelser p\u00e5verkar hur realisering av v\u00e4rden uppfattas. Ber\u00e4ttelsen om ett epokskifte karakt\u00e4riserat av teknologiska och ekonomiska framsteg tenderar att generera en syn p\u00e5 tekniken som n\u00e5got autonomt, vars v\u00e4rde ligger i framtiden. Nutiden \u00e4r alltid transformativ. Denna ber\u00e4ttelse st\u00e5r i kontrast mot utv\u00e4rderingar fr\u00e5n praktiken, d\u00e4r v\u00e4rden divergerar. Divergensen positioneras som en ber\u00e4ttelse om \u201dhinder\u201d f\u00f6r fortsatt utveckling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Avhandlingen konkluderas med att f\u00f6resl\u00e5 en breddning av de normer som informerar politik och beslutsfattare. Om dessa beslutsfattare aktivt skulle beh\u00f6va navigera och v\u00e4lja mellan inkommensurabla tekniksyner skulle det ha positiva konsekvenser f\u00f6r legitimitet, ansvarighet och transparens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ort, f\u00f6rlag, \u00e5r, upplaga, sidor<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University , 2019. , s. 82<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sundberg, Leif Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten f\u00f6r naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen f\u00f6r informationssystem och \u2013teknologi.ORCID-id: 0000-0002-1337-04792019 (Engelska) Doktorsavhandling, sammanl\u00e4ggning (\u00d6vrigt vetenskapligt) Abstract [en] This thesis addresses two topics: technology and values. More specifically, the studied technology is an ensemble of digital technologies that is often referred to as \u201cdigitalization,\u201d and the values are gathered from empirical material […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[63],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=667"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":728,"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions\/728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogg.sh.se\/forvaltningsakademin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}